You are forgiven. But your unyielding faith in the "full faith and credit" of U.S. bonds is no less an educated guess than mine. Uncle Sam tends to pay his bills and the market tends to have solid returns in the long term. Both of these facts are true and assuming they will remain true is a supposition on your part and my part, as well.
We are using evidence of equal merit.
Neither of these (means testing or increasing the tax cap) do anything to better investment returns for poor workers forced to participate in the program. It does help the
fiscal stability of an underfunded program, yes, but it does nothing to improve the returns or the retirement benefits of the poorest workers out there.
The Federal Reserve has more or less what you describe (making monetary policy with only minimal influence and oversight from Congress and the executive branch) and has its tendrils extremely deep in our financial system and increasingly in equity markets. The federal government is "in the market" through Railroad Retirement and the retirement system for federal employees, and so are the state pension funds.
Your concerns about the "independence" of the system are fair, but that did not prevent the creation of a slew of precedents like the Fed, existing federal/state pension programs, and those of our international peers. These are problems to manage, but if the Canadians and Japanese can do it, I think we could.
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I put together a little model giving the Social Security trust fund 2% than historical DJIA returns.
The 2% "penalty" is to account for this being net of the meager but present returns Social Security did return over time and for whatever higher operational costs would come from investing in the market instead of bonds.
It looks like this --
View attachment 90904
The main conclusions are --
2020 trust fund value without DJIA returns = $2.9 trillion
2020 trust fund value with DJIA returns minus 2% = $8.9 trillion
So we end up with approximately $6 trillion more in balance
That's a little more than 3x what we actually have right now.
The 2020 trust fund as it is has $8,826 per American in it. "Mine" has $27,018.
SS has the following unfunded obligations --
View attachment 90905
$6.0 trillion puts a nice dent in the $13.2 trillion unfunded through 2092 even before assuming the $6.0 trillion would continue accruing value from the market for the next 70 years. I could prove this mathematically for you if you wanted me to, but just "feeling" it would say my way has the program funded to at least 2100.
The current way is going to go broke in the 2030s or even the late 2020s and lead to some significant and painful tax increases on current workers to pay for the retirement of generally rich and white Boomers.
Love your system as much as you want, but we'd be in a much better spot right now with mine. I can pay what is promised without raising taxes beyond the 12.4% of our incomes already taken away from us.