Polinator/Prarie strips and farming applications

cdnlngld

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Feb 24, 2012
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Ames, IA
Having moved to a small acreage last year, I have started to let my mind wander about the types of ways that I can use my land to improve 1. my fanancial security 2. My food security(i.e. large garden, small orchard, chickens, etc.) 3. what can I do to help the local evironment and maybee bring in some additional wildlife in the process.

1. We have started boarding horses with some moderate success! We are learning quickly about equine care and how to manage our pastures, water etc., and making a little bank in the process, while supporting our new hoby!
2. We are expanding our garden size and expanding our few fruit trees into a small orchard (planted pear trees this year), and we bit the bullet, converted an old shed into a chicken coop/run, and have 18 chickens. (hope to expand next year to add ducks!) In addition I would like to try and extend our growing season by buildidng a simple greenhouse.

Now that these areas have been addressed, my mind started wandering into ways that I can use the remaining parts of my acreage to make life more enjoyable.
1. I want to add a small natural swiming pool/pond right behind the house
2. Plant more large/fast growing trees.
3. some landscaping and beautication projects to spruice the place up.
4. plant some natural native prarie to bring more wildlife in!

Thinking about these, I thought perhaps growing some polinator strips, might be a great way to help the environment, support the local polinator health, and bring in a larger variety of wildlife. So then I started down a rabit hole, and started learmning about polinator/prarie strips, and its usefull aplications in larger agricultural opperations.

After doing some research, it seems like the benifits are plenty!
1. Better pollination leads to higher yeilds(allocating aprox. 10% of land can lead to a 20%-30% increase in yeild-depending on plant species).
2. improve local soil quality.
3. Reduce soil errosion.
4. Increase biodiversity.
5. Acts a buffer between chemical applications and our waterways, therby inproving water quality.
6. Attracts benifitial insects and preditors that can reduce agricultural pests.
7. Could increase Agtourism revenue.

It seems as though there are also a number of programs that farmers can participate in to help offset any financial losses that occur durring the first few years of establishing these polinator strips.

So my question to the farmers on this site, is why aren't more farmers participating in planting polinator strips?
What are the more pratical concerns/roadblocks that prevent farmers from planting polinator strips?
What would make it more appealing?

*discalamer- I ask this question in good faith! I am not trying to start debate or argue. I am genuinely interested in the farmer's point of view here.



 
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I would recommend checking out Dr. Douglas Tallamy's work, specifically Bringing Nature Home, The Nature of Oaks, Nature's Best Hope, How Can I Help? Probably start with Nature's Best Hope.

Homegrown National Park has great resources
Check out your local chapter of Wild Ones and/or the Native Plant Society for resources, as well.

One thing to think about is adding keystone species, species that offer the greatest number of services for the ecosystem. Oaks are a prime example. They support hundreds on species of insects. But there are keystone species of all types (trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, etc.).

I hope that helps.
 
I would recommend checking out Dr. Douglas Tallamy's work, specifically Bringing Nature Home, The Nature of Oaks, Nature's Best Hope, How Can I Help? Probably start with Nature's Best Hope.

Homegrown National Park has great resources
Check out your local chapter of Wild Ones and/or the Native Plant Society for resources, as well.

One thing to think about is adding keystone species, species that offer the greatest number of services for the ecosystem. Oaks are a prime example. They support hundreds on species of insects. But there are keystone species of all types (trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, etc.).

I hope that helps.
Thank you for the direction!

I had always thought of oak as a slow growing tree, but I now see I am wrong. Looks like it is a comon misconception.

I want my stead to be a generational property. Oaks would definately be a great addition as a long living species. We are timber adjacent, and there are not many(if any) oaks in those woods.
 
You could learn a lot from this guy. I attended a Iowa DNR workshop that was hosted here and he gave us his speel for a while. Very informative.




EDIT: Not sure if he's still funded or not as the website is not active.
 
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2. Plant more large/fast growing trees.

If you live in Iowa, check out the state nursery. You can buy loads of trees for about 50 cents a piece.

I am a big fan of hackberry. Ours grew fast, and quickly matched the height of red oaks that were planted 15 years prior. River birch grows even faster, but they have a short lifespan compared to other trees. Probably not short enough for you to care if you plant them on a good site.

Basswood, white pine, sycamore, disease resistant elm, and autumn blaze maples are also good choices. Silver maples get a bad rap, but can give you a mature tree in short time.

So my question to the farmers on this site, is why aren't more farmers participating in planting polinator strips?

The headlands, or end rows as we called them in North Iowa, are one opportunity for this. End rows typically incur a 10-15% yield penalty compared to the center region of the field. One farmer near me has planted his to native flowers. Not sure if those acres qualify as CRP or not.

H
 
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If you live in Iowa, check out the state nursery. You can buy loads of trees for about 50 cents a piece.

I am a big fan of hackberry. Ours grew fast, and quickly matched the height of red oaks that were planted 15 years prior. River birch grows even faster, but they have a short lifespan compared to other trees. Probably not short enough for you to care if you plant them on a good site.

Basswood, white pine, sycamore, disease resistant elm, and autumn blaze maples are also good choices. Silver maples get a bad rap, but can give you a mature tree in short time.



The headlands, or end rows as we called them in North Iowa, are one opportunity for this. End rows typically incur a 10-15% yield penalty compared to the center region of the field. One farmer near me has planted his to native flowers. Not sure if those acres qualify as CRP or not.

H
I'll second planting Hackberry. They are great trees.
 
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I have a 4.5 acre acreage (been here since '76) and have had some of the same desires as you so I'll chime in on a couple things:

I wish I had given more thought on spacing when I planted trees. Not a major issue here, but windbreaks do have a lifespan and if parts (species) need to be replaced it may be an issue if the adjacent mature trees don't allow it later. Stick with hardwoods for longevity on deciduous trees/soft woods for more instant gratification. There has been a push for the Autumn Blaze maple but it's my understanding that it no more than a yellow colored Silver Maple and a lot of reputable nursery's approach it in that vein. Nut trees provide wildlife food and diversity but those cute squirrels bouncing around the back yard quickly become "tree rats" when they visit your garden/flowerbeds (as do bunnies). Small wildlife refuges can actually become a place to concentrate them for their predators.

The journey can be fun and rewarding but keep in mind there is no "right way", and there is usually some give and take between what you want to happen and what can.

As to your questions on pollinator plots:

Most of the plots in my area are simply a result of economics. Poor ground (sandy knolls, small oddly shaped parcels, etc.) nominated for participation brings in guaranteed revenue greater than the risk of farming it. The plots may eventually increase soil productivity but probably not in our lifetime. The pollinator increase may be beneficial to orchards or vegies but I doubt they increase traditional row crops significantly. They can act as a buffer for chemical application, but the current programs are not designed to accomplish this without taking large amounts of productive land out of production. I don't believe they can be used as "headlands" in a field as that is not their intent.

Good luck!
 
There has been a push for the Autumn Blaze maple but it's my understanding that it no more than a yellow colored Silver Maple and a lot of reputable nursery's approach it in that vein.

Autumn blaze is a hybrid between silver maple and red maple. Its wood is supposed to be a bit stronger than silver maple, and it has more vibrant fall colors than silver maple. It also grows a touch slower, but still a fast grower overall.

It gets a bad rap because it has been overplanted in suburban areas. I chose to plant red maples instead, but on my acreage, I really don't care what people are doing in the city. I would plant it over silver maple in any location where I thought silver maple was a good choice.

H
 

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